Not the exact question you were looking for?

Paste your question to our Mathbee AI Mentor below to get an instant step-by-step solution.

Statistics
EXERCISE 14.1
CBSE_NCERT_TEXTBOOK
Grade 10

Question:

A box contains 90 discs which are numbered from 1 to 90. If one disc is drawn at random from the box, find the probability that it bears (i) a two-digit number (ii) a perfect square number (iii) a number divisible by 5. Fig. 14.4 Fig. 14.5 216

Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: Use the definition of probability: $$P(E)=\frac{\text{Number of favourable outcomes}}{\text{Total number of equally likely outcomes}}.$$ Count the favourable numbers for each part and simplify the fraction.
1. Total number of possible outcomes\
The disc is drawn at random from 90 discs, so the total number of equally likely outcomes \(n(S)\) is \(90\).

2. (i) Two‑digit numbers\
- Single‑digit numbers are \(1,2,\dots,9\) (9 numbers).\
- Hence two‑digit numbers are the remaining numbers from \(10\) to \(90\).\
- Count of two‑digit numbers \(=90-9=81\).
- Probability\
$$P(\text{two‑digit})=\frac{81}{90}=\frac{9}{10}.$$

3. (ii) Perfect square numbers\
- List the perfect squares ≤ 90: \(1^2,2^2,3^2,\dots,9^2\) i.e. \(1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81\).
- Number of perfect squares \(=9\).
- Probability\
$$P(\text{perfect square})=\frac{9}{90}=\frac{1}{10}.$$

4. (iii) Numbers divisible by 5\
- Multiples of 5 up to 90 are \(5,10,15,\dots,90\).
- Count = \(\frac{90}{5}=18\).
- Probability\
$$P(\text{divisible by 5})=\frac{18}{90}=\frac{1}{5}.$$

5. Final answers\
- (i) \(\displaystyle \frac{9}{10}\)\
- (ii) \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{10}\)\
- (iii) \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{5}\)

Correct Answer: (i) \(\frac{9}{10}\) (ii) \(\frac{1}{10}\) (iii) \(\frac{1}{5}\)
Mathbee AI Mentor (Free Demo)

Confused by the solution? Ask the AI to explain a specific step, tell you where you went wrong, or break down the key trap in this question.

Master Statistics with Mathbee

Practice this topic under real exam conditions with strict timers, or ask our AI Mentor to explain the concepts step-by-step.

Start Practicing for Free