Sets, Relations & Functions
Finite and Infinite Sets
Grade 11

Question:

<p>Let \(A\) and \(B\) be two sets containing four and two elements respectively. Then the number of subsets for the set \(A \times B\), each having at least three elements is</p>
<p>256</p>
<p>275</p>
<p>510</p>
<p>219</p>

Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: The Cartesian product A × B has |A| × |B| = 4 × 2 = 8 elements total. We need subsets with at least 3 elements, so count subsets of sizes 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 using combinations: C(8,3) + C(8,4) + C(8,5) + C(8,6) + C(8,7) + C(8,8).
<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> Find the cardinality of A × B.</p><p>Since |A| = 4 and |B| = 2, we have |A × B| = 4 × 2 = 8 elements.</p><p><strong>Step 2:</strong> Count subsets of A × B with at least 3 elements.</p><p>Total subsets with at least 3 elements = C(8,3) + C(8,4) + C(8,5) + C(8,6) + C(8,7) + C(8,8)</p><p><strong>Step 3:</strong> Calculate each combination.</p><p>C(8,3) = 56<br>C(8,4) = 70<br>C(8,5) = 56<br>C(8,6) = 28<br>C(8,7) = 8<br>C(8,8) = 1</p><p><strong>Step 4:</strong> Sum the values.</p><p>Total = 56 + 70 + 56 + 28 + 8 + 1 = 219</p><p><strong>Alternative:</strong> Total subsets = 2^8 = 256. Subtract subsets with 0, 1, or 2 elements: 256 − [C(8,0) + C(8,1) + C(8,2)] = 256 − [1 + 8 + 28] = 256 − 37 = 219</p><p>∴ Answer: D (219)</p>
Correct Answer: D

Master Sets, Relations & Functions with Mathbee

Practice this topic under real exam conditions with strict timers, or ask our AI Mentor to explain the concepts step-by-step.

Start Practicing for Free