If $2\cos\theta - \sin\theta + 2 = 0$, then the value of $10\cos\theta + 15\sin\theta$ is equal to:
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept: Trigonometric equations, substitution method
Step 1: Express the constraint equation in standard form.
We are given that $2\cos\theta - \sin\theta + 2 = 0$. Rearranging this equation:
$$2\cos\theta - \sin\theta = -2$$
Step 2: Solve for $\cos\theta$ in terms of $\sin\theta$.
From the constraint equation $2\cos\theta - \sin\theta = -2$, we can express $\cos\theta$ as:
$$2\cos\theta = \sin\theta - 2$$
$$\cos\theta = \frac{\sin\theta - 2}{2}$$
Step 3: Use the Pythagorean identity to find $\sin\theta$.
Since $\sin^2\theta + \cos^2\theta = 1$, we substitute our expression for $\cos\theta$:
$$\sin^2\theta + \left(\frac{\sin\theta - 2}{2}\right)^2 = 1$$
Expanding the squared term:
$$\sin^2\theta + \frac{(\sin\theta - 2)^2}{4} = 1$$
$$\sin^2\theta + \frac{\sin^2\theta - 4\sin\theta + 4}{4} = 1$$
Multiplying through by 4:
$$4\sin^2\theta + \sin^2\theta - 4\sin\theta + 4 = 4$$
$$5\sin^2\theta - 4\sin\theta = 0$$
$$\sin\theta(5\sin\theta - 4) = 0$$
Therefore: $\sin\theta = 0$ or $\sin\theta = \frac{4}{5}$
Step 4: Check both cases and find the corresponding $\cos\theta$ values.
**Case 1:** If $\sin\theta = 0$
From $2\cos\theta - \sin\theta = -2$:
$$2\cos\theta - 0 = -2$$
$$\cos\theta = -1$$
Then: $10\cos\theta + 15\sin\theta = 10(-1) + 15(0) = -10$
This value is not among the given options.
**Case 2:** If $\sin\theta = \frac{4}{5}$
From $\cos\theta = \frac{\sin\theta - 2}{2}$:
$$\cos\theta = \frac{\frac{4}{5} - 2}{2} = \frac{\frac{4-10}{5}}{2} = \frac{-\frac{6}{5}}{2} = -\frac{3}{5}$$
Step 5: Calculate the required expression.
With $\sin\theta = \frac{4}{5}$ and $\cos\theta = -\frac{3}{5}$:
$$10\cos\theta + 15\sin\theta = 10\left(-\frac{3}{5}\right) + 15\left(\frac{4}{5}\right)$$
$$= -6 + 12 = 6$$
**Final Answer:** The value of $10\cos\theta + 15\sin\theta$ is $\boxed{6}$, which corresponds to **Option 2**.
Correct Answer: 4