<p>If \(a, b, c\) are positive numbers such that \(a^{\log_3 7} = 27\), \(b^{\log_7 11} = 49\), \(c^{\log_{11} 25} = 11\), then the sum of digits of \(S = a^{(\log_3 7)^2} + b^{(\log_7 11)^2} + c^{(\log_{11} 25)^2}\) is:</p>
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept: Use the given equations to find expressions for a, b, and c by taking logarithms, then use these to evaluate the power expressions by converting to exponential form.
**Step 1: Determine the value of $a^{(\log_3 7)^2}$**
Given the equation $a^{\log_3 7} = 27$.
To find $a^{(\log_3 7)^2}$, raise both sides of the given equation to the power of $\log_3 7$:
$$ (a^{\log_3 7})^{\log_3 7} = 27^{\log_3 7} $$
$$ a^{(\log_3 7)^2} = 27^{\log_3 7} $$
Since $27 = 3^3$, we can rewrite the right side as:
$$ a^{(\log_3 7)^2} = (3^3)^{\log_3 7} = 3^{3 \log_3 7} $$
Using the logarithm property $k \log_b x = \log_b x^k$:
$$ 3^{3 \log_3 7} = 3^{\log_3 (7^3)} $$
Applying the property $b^{\log_b x} = x$:
$$ 3^{\log_3 (7^3)} = 7^3 = 343 $$
Thus, $a^{(\log_3 7)^2} = 343$.
**Step 2: Determine the value of $b^{(\log_7 11)^2}$**
Given the equation $b^{\log_7 11} = 49$.
To find $b^{(\log_7 11)^2}$, raise both sides of the given equation to the power of $\log_7 11$:
$$ (b^{\log_7 11})^{\log_7 11} = 49^{\log_7 11} $$
$$ b^{(\log_7 11)^2} = 49^{\log_7 11} $$
Since $49 = 7^2$, we can rewrite the right side as:
$$ b^{(\log_7 11)^2} = (7^2)^{\log_7 11} = 7^{2 \log_7 11} $$
Using the logarithm property $k \log_b x = \log_b x^k$:
$$ 7^{2 \log_7 11} = 7^{\log_7 (11^2)} $$
Applying the property $b^{\log_b x} = x$:
$$ 7^{\log_7 (11^2)} = 11^2 = 121 $$
Thus, $b^{(\log_7 11)^2} = 121$.
**Step 3: Determine the value of $c^{(\log_{11} 25)^2}$**
Given the equation $c^{\log_{11} 25} = 11$.
To find $c^{(\log_{11} 25)^2}$, raise both sides of the given equation to the power of $\log_{11} 25$:
$$ (c^{\log_{11} 25})^{\log_{11} 25} = 11^{\log_{11} 25} $$
$$ c^{(\log_{11} 25)^2} = 11^{\log_{11} 25} $$
Applying the property $b^{\log_b x} = x$:
$$ 11^{\log_{11} 25} = 25 $$
Thus, $c^{(\log_{11} 25)^2} = 25$.
**Step 4: Calculate the value of $S$**
The expression for $S$ is given by:
$$ S = a^{(\log_3 7)^2} + b^{(\log_7 11)^2} + c^{(\log_{11} 25)^2} $$
Substitute the values found in Steps 1, 2, and 3:
$$ S = 343 + 121 + 25 $$
$$ S = 489 $$
**Step 5: Find the sum of the digits of $S$**
The sum of the digits of $S = 489$ is:
$$ 4 + 8 + 9 = 21 $$
Correct Answer: C