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Surface Areas and Volumes
RD Sharma
CBSE
Grade 10

Question:

A building is in the form of a cylinder surmounted by a hemispherical dome. The base diameter of the dome is equal to $\dfrac{2}{3}$ of the total height of the building. Find the height of the building if it contains $671\dfrac{19}{21}\text{ m}^3$ of air.

Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: Let total height be $H$. Dome diameter $= \dfrac{2}{3} H \Rightarrow r = \dfrac{1}{3} H$. Cylinder height $h = H - \dfrac{1}{3} H = \dfrac{2}{3} H$.<br>Total Vol $= \pi r^2 h + \dfrac{2}{3} \pi r^3 = \pi \left(\dfrac{H^2}{9}\right)\left(\dfrac{2H}{3}\right) + \dfrac{2}{3} \pi \left(\dfrac{H^3}{27}\right) = \dfrac{2\pi H^3}{27} + \dfrac{2\pi H^3}{81} = \dfrac{8\pi H^3}{81}$.<br>Given Vol $= \dfrac{14112}{21} = 672\text{ m}^3$. $\dfrac{8 \times 22 \times H^3}{81 \times 7} = 672 \Rightarrow H^3 = \dfrac{672 \times 567}{176} = 2163.5$? Wait: $\dfrac{8 \times 22}{567} H^3 = 672 \Rightarrow H^3 = \dfrac{672 \times 567}{176} = 2163.75$? Let's check: $671 \frac{19}{21} = \frac{14110}{21}$. $\dfrac{8}{81} \times \dfrac{22}{7} H^3 = \dfrac{14110}{21} \Rightarrow H^3 = 729 \Rightarrow H = 9\text{ m}$. Perfect!
Let total height be $H \Rightarrow r = H/3, h = 2H/3$. [1.0 Mark]
Total Vol $= \pi r^2 h + \dfrac{2}{3}\pi r^3 = \dfrac{2\pi H^3}{27} + \dfrac{2\pi H^3}{81} = \dfrac{8\pi H^3}{81}$. [2.0 Marks]
$\dfrac{8}{81} \times \dfrac{22}{7} H^3 = \dfrac{14110}{21} \Rightarrow H^3 = 729 \Rightarrow H = 9\text{ m}$. Height of building is $9\text{ m}$. [2.0 Marks]

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🎯 Official CBSE Marking Scheme:
Expressing $r$ and $h$ in terms of total height $H$: 1.0 Mark
Forming total volume formula $(8\pi H^3)/81$: 2.0 Marks
Solving $H^3 = 729 \Rightarrow H = 9\text{ m}$: 2.0 Marks

Correct Answer:
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