Continuity and Differentiability
Greatest Integer, Absolute Value and Signum Functions
GRB_1000_MCQ
Grade Class 12
Question:
If $a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + ab + bc + ca \leq 0$, where $a, b, c \in R$ and $f(x) = a[x] + b|x| + c\,\text{sgn}(x)$, then in $(-2, 2)$, which of the following is <b>not true</b>?
[Note: $[y]$ denotes greatest integer function less than or equal to $y$.]
$f(x)$ is discontinuous at exactly two points
$f(x)$ is discontinuous at exactly three points
$f(x)$ is continuous and derivable for every $x$
$f(x)$ is non-derivable at exactly one point
Step-by-Step Solution
Step 1: Analyze the condition $a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + ab + bc + ca \leq 0$. Multiply by 2:
$$2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca \leq 0$$
$$(a+b)^2 + (b+c)^2 + (c+a)^2 \leq 0$$
Since each square is $\geq 0$, we must have $a+b = 0$, $b+c = 0$, $c+a = 0$, giving $a = b = c = 0$.
Step 2: Substitute $a = b = c = 0$ into $f(x)$:
$$f(x) = 0 \cdot [x] + 0 \cdot |x| + 0 \cdot \text{sgn}(x) = 0$$
Step 3: Since $f(x) = 0$ for all $x \in (-2,2)$, $f(x)$ is continuous and derivable everywhere in $(-2,2)$.
Step 4: Evaluate each option:
- Option (a): $f(x)$ discontinuous at exactly two points — FALSE (f is identically 0, continuous everywhere)
- Option (b): $f(x)$ discontinuous at exactly three points — FALSE
- Option (c): $f(x)$ is continuous and derivable for every $x$ — TRUE
- Option (d): $f(x)$ is non-derivable at exactly one point — FALSE
Step 5: The options that are NOT true are (a), (b), and (d), i.e., options 1, 2, and 4.
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 4