Sequences & Series
Infinite Series
Grade 11

Question:

<p>Let the $r$-th term, $t_r$ of a series is given by $t_r = \frac{r}{1 + r^2 + r^4}$. The value of $\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{r=1}^{n} t_r$ is</p>
<p>(a) $\frac{1}{2}$</p>
<p>(b) $\frac{1}{2}$</p>
<p>(c) 1</p>
<p>(d) $\frac{1}{4}$</p>

Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: Decompose the general term using partial fractions to create a telescoping series where consecutive terms cancel.
<p>Use partial fractions: $\frac{r}{1 + r^2 + r^4} = \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{r^2 - r + 1} - \frac{1}{r^2 + r + 1}\right)$.</p><p>The sum becomes telescoping: $\sum_{r=1}^{n} t_r = \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1} - \frac{1}{n^2 + n + 1}\right)$.</p><p>As $n \to \infty$, $\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{r=1}^{n} t_r = \frac{1}{2}$.</p>
Correct Answer: B

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