Real numbers
Grade Class 10

Question:

<p>If 3 is the least prime factor of number &#39;a&#39; and 7 is the least prime factor of number &#39;b&#39;, then the least prime factor of a + b, is</p>
<p style="display:inline">10</p>
<p style="display:inline">3</p>
<p style="display:inline">5</p>
<p style="display:inline">2</p>

Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: If the least prime factor of a number is greater than 2, the number must be odd, and the sum of two odd numbers is always an even number whose least prime factor is 2.
<p>Since 7 + 3 = 10<br /> The least prime factor of a + b&nbsp;has to be 2;&nbsp;unless a + b&nbsp;is a prime number greater than 2.<br /> Suppose a + b&nbsp;is a prime number greater than 2. Then a + b&nbsp;must be an odd number<br /> and one of &#39;a&#39; or &#39;b&#39; must be an even number.<br /> Suppose&nbsp;that &#39;a&#39; is even. Then the least prime factor of a&nbsp;is 2;&nbsp;which is not 3 or 7.&nbsp;So &#39;a&#39; can not be an even number nor can b&nbsp;be an even number. Hence a + b&nbsp;can not be a prime number greater than 2 if the least prime factor of a&nbsp;is 3 and b&nbsp;is 7.<br /> Thus the answer is 2.</p>
Correct Answer: D

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