Quadratic Equations
Symmetric Functions of Roots
Grade 11

Question:

<p>Given <strong>a</strong> and <strong>b</strong> are the roots of the equation \(x^2 - 6x - 2 = 0\). Let \(a_n = a^n - b^n\) for \(n \geq 1\). Find \(\frac{a_{10} - 2a_8}{2a_9}\).</p>

Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: Use the given quadratic relation $a^2 = 6a + 2$ to simplify powers of the roots and cancel terms in the ratio.
<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> Since <strong>a</strong> and <strong>b</strong> are roots of $x^2 - 6x - 2 = 0$, we have:</p><p>$a^2 = 6a + 2$ and $b^2 = 6b + 2$</p><p><strong>Step 2:</strong> Consider the expression:</p><p>$\frac{a_{10} - 2a_8}{2a_9} = \frac{a^{10} - b^{10} - 2(a^8 - b^8)}{2(a^9 - b^9)}$</p><p><strong>Step 3:</strong> Factor the numerator:</p><p>$= \frac{a^8(a^2 - 2) - b^8(b^2 - 2)}{2(a^9 - b^9)}$</p><p><strong>Step 4:</strong> Substitute $a^2 = 6a + 2$ and $b^2 = 6b + 2$:</p><p>$= \frac{a^8 \cdot 6a - b^8 \cdot 6b}{2(a^9 - b^9)}$</p><p>$= \frac{6(a^9 - b^9)}{2(a^9 - b^9)}$</p><p>$= \frac{6}{2} = 3$</p><p>∴ Answer is <strong>3</strong>.</p>
Correct Answer: 3

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