Properties of Triangles
Inradius, Circumradius, and Area of Triangle
GRB_1000_MCQ
Grade Class 11
Question:
In $\triangle ABC$, where the opposite edges of $\angle A$, $\angle B$ and $\angle C$ are $a$, $b$ and $c$ respectively, $c = 2$ and $\angle C = \dfrac{\pi}{3}$. If $2\sin 2A + \sin(2B+C) = \sin C$, then:
the value of $\sin 2A + \sin 2B + \sin 2C$ is equal to $\sqrt{2}$
inradius of $\triangle ABC$ is $\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3(\sqrt{3}+1)}$
circumradius of $\triangle ABC$ is $\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}$
area of $\triangle ABC$ is $\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}$
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept: The key idea is to use trigonometric identities and the angle sum property of a triangle ($A+B+C=\pi$) to simplify the given trigonometric relation into an equation that allows for the determination of the triangle's angles. Once the angles are known, standard formulas for the circumradius, inradius, and area can be applied.
Step 1: Use the given condition $2\sin 2A + \sin(2B+C) = \sin C$ with $C = \pi/3$.
Expand $\sin(2B+C) = \sin(2B+C)$. Since $A+B+C=\pi$, we have $2B+C = \pi + B - A$, so $\sin(2B+C) = -\sin(B-A)$.
Alternatively, expand directly:
$$2\sin 2A + \sin(2B+C) = \sin C$$
$$2\sin 2A + \sin 2B\cos C + \cos 2B\sin C = \sin C$$
$$2\sin 2A + \sin 2B\cos C = \sin C(1 - \cos 2B)$$
$$2\sin 2A + \sin 2B\cos C = 2\sin C\sin^2 B$$
Step 2: Substitute $C = \pi/3$, so $\cos C = 1/2$, $\sin C = \sqrt{3}/2$:
$$2\sin 2A + \frac{1}{2}\sin 2B = 2\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\sin^2 B = \sqrt{3}\sin^2 B$$
$$2\sin 2A + \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2\sin B\cos B = \sqrt{3}\sin^2 B$$
$$2\sin 2A + \sin B\cos B = \sqrt{3}\sin^2 B$$
$$2\sin 2A = \sin B(\sqrt{3}\sin B - \cos B) = 2\sin B\sin\left(B - \frac{\pi}{6}\right)\cdot\frac{1}{\sin(\pi/6)}$$
Actually: $\sqrt{3}\sin B - \cos B = 2\sin\left(B - \frac{\pi}{6}\right)$
So: $2\sin 2A = 2\sin B\sin\left(B-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)$
$$\sin 2A = \sin B\sin\left(B-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)$$
Step 3: Use $A + B = \pi - C = 2\pi/3$, so $A = 2\pi/3 - B$:
$$\sin 2A = \sin\left(\frac{4\pi}{3} - 2B\right) = -\sin\left(2B - \frac{4\pi}{3}\right)$$
Alternatively, $\sin 2A = \sin(4\pi/3 - 2B)$.
Let's try: $2A = \pi - 2B - 2C + 2A$... use $A = 2\pi/3 - B$:
$$\sin 2A = \sin\left(\frac{4\pi}{3} - 2B\right)$$
Setting equal: $\sin\left(\frac{4\pi}{3}-2B\right) = \sin B\sin\left(B-\frac{\pi}{6}\right)$
Step 4: Try $A = \pi/6$, then $B = 2\pi/3 - \pi/6 = \pi/2$.
Check: $\sin 2A = \sin(\pi/3) = \sqrt{3}/2$.
$\sin B\sin(B-\pi/6) = \sin(\pi/2)\sin(\pi/2-\pi/6) = 1\cdot\sin(\pi/3) = \sqrt{3}/2$. ✓
So $A = \pi/6$, $B = \pi/2$, $C = \pi/3$.
Step 5: Find sides using sine rule. $c = 2$, $C = \pi/3$:
$$\frac{c}{\sin C} = \frac{2}{\sqrt{3}/2} = \frac{4}{\sqrt{3}} = \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}$$
Circumradius $R = \dfrac{c}{2\sin C} = \dfrac{2}{2\cdot(\sqrt{3}/2)} = \dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}} = \dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}$. ✓ (option 3)
Step 6: Find sides:
$$a = R\cdot 2\sin A = \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}\cdot\sin\frac{\pi}{6} = \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{2} = \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}$$
$$b = R\cdot 2\sin B = \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}\cdot 1 = \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}$$
Step 7: Compute area:
$$\Delta = \frac{1}{2}ab\sin C = \frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\cdot\frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{8\cdot 3}{9}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{8}{3}\cdot\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}$$ ✓ (option 4)
Step 8: Compute inradius $r = \Delta/s$ where $s = (a+b+c)/2$:
$$s = \frac{\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3} + \frac{4\sqrt{3}}{3} + 2}{2} = \frac{\frac{6\sqrt{3}}{3}+2}{2} = \frac{2\sqrt{3}+2}{2} = \sqrt{3}+1$$
$$r = \frac{2\sqrt{3}/3}{\sqrt{3}+1} = \frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3(\sqrt{3}+1)}$$ ✓ (option 2)
Step 9: Check option (1): $\sin 2A + \sin 2B + \sin 2C$:
$$= \sin\frac{\pi}{3} + \sin\pi + \sin\frac{2\pi}{3} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} + 0 + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \sqrt{3} \neq \sqrt{2}$$
Option (1) is incorrect.
Correct Answer: 2, 3, 4