Permutations & Combinations
Counting diagonals
Grade 11
Question:
<p>If <i>n</i> points are the vertices of a polygon, then find the total number of diagonals.</p>
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept: Subtract the number of sides from the total number of line segments connecting vertices.
<p><strong>Step 1:</strong> The total number of line segments joining <i>n</i> vertices is:</p><p>$$\binom{n}{2} = \frac{n(n-1)}{2}$$</p><p><strong>Step 2:</strong> Out of these, <i>n</i> are the sides of the polygon.</p><p><strong>Step 3:</strong> Therefore, the number of diagonals is:</p><p>$$\binom{n}{2} - n = \frac{n(n-1)}{2} - n = \frac{n(n-1) - 2n}{2} = \frac{n(n-3)}{2}$$</p>
Correct Answer: n(n-3)/2