The $50^{\text{th}}$ root of a number $x$ is 12 and $50^{\text{th}}$ root of another number $y$ is 18. Then the remainder obtained on dividing $(x+y)$ by 25 is ___.
Step-by-Step Solution
Key Concept: $x=12^{50}$, $y=18^{50}$. Find $(12^{50}+18^{50})\pmod{25}$. $12^2=144\equiv19$, $18^2=324\equiv-1\pmod{25}$. $(12^2)^{25}+(18^2)^{25}\equiv19^{25}+(-1)^{25}\pmod{25}$.
Step 1: Express $x$ in terms of the given information.
The $50^{\text{th}}$ root of a number $x$ is 12. This means that if we raise 12 to the power of 50, we get $x$.
$$x^{1/50} = 12$$
Raising both sides to the power of 50, we get:
$$x = 12^{50}$$
Step 2: Express $y$ in terms of the given information.
The $50^{\text{th}}$ root of another number $y$ is 18. Similarly, we can express $y$ as 18 raised to the power of 50.
$$y^{1/50} = 18$$
Raising both sides to the power of 50, we get:
$$y = 18^{50}$$
Step 3: Calculate the sum $x+y$.
Substitute the expressions for $x$ and $y$ found in the previous steps.
$$x+y = 12^{50} + 18^{50}$$
Step 4: Find the remainder of $(x+y)$ when divided by 25.
We need to find $(12^{50} + 18^{50}) \pmod{25}$.
Let's evaluate each term modulo 25.
For $12^{50} \pmod{25}$:
We know that $12^2 = 144$.
$144 = 5 \times 25 + 19$, so $144 \equiv 19 \pmod{25}$.
Also, $19 \equiv -6 \pmod{25}$.
So, $12^2 \equiv -6 \pmod{25}$.
Then, $12^{50} = (12^2)^{25} \equiv (-6)^{25} \pmod{25}$.
Since 25 is odd, $(-6)^{25} = -6^{25} \pmod{25}$.
Now let's find $6^{25} \pmod{25}$:
$6^1 \equiv 6 \pmod{25}$
$6^2 = 36 \equiv 11 \pmod{25}$
$6^3 \equiv 6 \times 11 = 66 \equiv 16 \pmod{25}$
$6^4 \equiv 11^2 = 121 \equiv 21 \pmod{25}$, or $6^4 \equiv -4 \pmod{25}$.
$6^5 \equiv 6 \times (-4) = -24 \equiv 1 \pmod{25}$.
So, $6^{25} = (6^5)^5 \equiv 1^5 \equiv 1 \pmod{25}$.
Therefore, $12^{50} \equiv -1 \pmod{25}$.
For $18^{50} \pmod{25}$:
We know that $18 \equiv -7 \pmod{25}$.
So, $18^{50} \equiv (-7)^{50} \pmod{25}$.
Since the exponent 50 is even, $(-7)^{50} = 7^{50} \pmod{25}$.
Now let's find $7^{50} \pmod{25}$:
$7^2 = 49$.
$49 = 1 \times 25 + 24$, so $49 \equiv 24 \pmod{25}$.
Also, $24 \equiv -1 \pmod{25}$.
So, $7^2 \equiv -1 \pmod{25}$.
Then, $7^{50} = (7^2)^{25} \equiv (-1)^{25} \pmod{25}$.
Since 25 is odd, $(-1)^{25} = -1$.
Therefore, $18^{50} \equiv -1 \pmod{25}$.
Finally, calculate the sum modulo 25:
$$(x+y) \pmod{25} = (12^{50} + 18^{50}) \pmod{25}$$
$$\equiv (-1 + (-1)) \pmod{25}$$
$$\equiv -2 \pmod{25}$$
To express this as a positive remainder, we add 25:
$$\equiv -2 + 25 \pmod{25}$$
$$\equiv 23 \pmod{25}$$
The remainder obtained on dividing $(x+y)$ by 25 is 23.
The final answer is $\boxed{23}$.
Correct Answer: 23