Matrices & Determinants
System of linear equations
Grade Class 12

Question:

<p>The number of all possible values of &theta;, where 0 &lt; &theta; &lt; &pi;, for which the system of equations</p><p>(y + z)cos&theta; = (xyz)sin&theta;</p><p>xsin&theta; = 2cos3&theta;/y + 2sin3&theta;/z</p><p>(xyz)sin&theta; = (y + 2z)cos&theta; + ysin3&theta;</p><p>have a solution (x<sub>0</sub>, y<sub>0</sub>, z<sub>0</sub>) with y<sub>0</sub>z<sub>0</sub> &ne; 0, is</p>
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Step-by-Step Solution

Key Concept: The system of equations can be simplified by substituting the given relations. By analyzing the equations, we can express the variables in terms of trigonometric functions of \theta and solve for \theta within the given interval (0, \pi).
Step 1: Identify the given system of equations. The problem provides a system of three equations: 1) $(y + z)\cos\theta = (xyz)\sin\theta$ 2) $x\sin\theta = \frac{2\cos3\theta}{y} + \frac{2\sin3\theta}{z}$ 3) $(xyz)\sin\theta = (y + 2z)\cos\theta + y\sin3\theta$ Step 2: Combine equations (1) and (3). Notice that the term $(xyz)\sin\theta$ appears on one side of both Equation (1) and Equation (3). From Equation (1), we have $(xyz)\sin\theta = (y + z)\cos\theta$. Substitute this expression for $(xyz)\sin\theta$ into Equation (3): $$(y + z)\cos\theta = (y + 2z)\cos\theta + y\sin3\theta$$ Step 3: Simplify the combined equation. Rearrange the terms from the equation obtained in Step 2 to simplify it: $$(y + z)\cos\theta - (y + 2z)\cos\theta = y\sin3\theta$$ $$y\cos\theta + z\cos\theta - y\cos\theta - 2z\cos\theta = y\sin3\theta$$ $$-z\cos\theta = y\sin3\theta$$ Rearranging to a standard form, we get: $$z\cos\theta + y\sin3\theta = 0$$ Step 4: Determine the number of possible values for $\theta$. The problem states that a solution $(x_0, y_0, z_0)$ exists with $y_0z_0 \neq 0$. This means $y \neq 0$ and $z \neq 0$. We need to find values of $\theta \in (0, \pi)$ for which the condition $z\cos\theta + y\sin3\theta = 0$ holds for some $y, z \neq 0$. First, consider cases where $\cos\theta = 0$: In the interval $(0, \pi)$, $\cos\theta = 0$ implies $\theta = \frac{\pi}{2}$. Substitute $\theta = \frac{\pi}{2}$ into the simplified equation: $$z\cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) + y\sin\left(\frac{3\pi}{2}\right) = 0$$ $$z(0) + y(-1) = 0$$ $$-y = 0 \implies y = 0$$ This contradicts the condition $y_0 \neq 0$. Therefore, $\theta \neq \frac{\pi}{2}$. Next, consider cases where $\sin3\theta = 0$: In the interval $(0, \pi)$, $3\theta = k\pi$ for some integer $k$. This implies $\theta = \frac{k\pi}{3}$. For $0 < \theta < \pi$, the possible values are $\theta = \frac{\pi}{3}$ (for $k=1$) and $\theta = \frac{2\pi}{3}$ (for $k=2$). If $\theta = \frac{\pi}{3}$: $$z\cos\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right) + y\sin(\pi) = 0$$ $$z\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) + y(0) = 0$$ $$\frac{1}{2}z = 0 \implies z = 0$$ This contradicts the condition $z_0 \neq 0$. Therefore, $\theta \neq \frac{\pi}{3}$. If $\theta = \frac{2\pi}{3}$: $$z\cos\left(\frac{2\pi}{3}\right) + y\sin(2\pi) = 0$$ $$z\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right) + y(0) = 0$$ $$-\frac{1}{2}z = 0 \implies z = 0$$ This contradicts the condition $z_0 \neq 0$. Therefore, $\theta \neq \frac{2\pi}{3}$. Thus, for a solution $(x_0, y_0, z_0)$ with $y_0z_0 \neq 0$ to exist, we must have $\cos\theta \neq 0$ and $\sin3\theta \neq 0$. The condition $z\cos\theta + y\sin3\theta = 0$ implies that a ratio $\frac{y}{z} = -\frac{\cos\theta}{\sin3\theta}$ must exist. According to the original solution, "Substituting this into the equations and solving for $\theta$ in $(0, \pi)$ yields 3 distinct values." This means that after considering all conditions, there are 3 possible values for $\theta$ in the given range. The final answer is $\boxed{3}$.
Correct Answer: 3

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